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Chinese scientists find 11 embryos in 244-million-year-old ichthyosaur Mixosaurus fossil, giving clue to reproduction of ancient marine reptile_我的网站

一 |     韩国高级公职人员犯罪调查处（公调处）宣布，今天上午当地时间10时33分逮捕了尹锡悦总统，尹锡悦已经被警车押送前往公调处。    

    Photo: Screenshot from peerj.com
Chinese scientists studying a 244-million-year-old ichthyosaur Mixosaurus fossil from Southwest China’s Guizhou Province found at least 11 embryos inside the specimen. The discovery sets a new record for the highest number of embryos found in ichthyosaur lineages and reveals that high reproductive capacity in ichthyosaurs emerged earlier than previously believed, chinanews.com reported on Wednesday. 
Ichthyosaur was among the most successful Mesozoic marine reptiles, and its reproductive strategy was considered crucial to their adaptation to ocean environments. Its reproductive ability before extinction has long intrigued paleontologists.
A joint research team from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and the Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, has published the study on the ichthyosaur paleontology in the international journal PeerJ. 
According to Wang Wei, the paper’s corresponding author and an associate professor at the institute, embryo-preserving ichthyosaur fossils have been found across 11 genera from the Early Triassic to the Early Cretaceous. 
However, for ichthyosaur groups that diverged in the Early Triassic, embryo-bearing fossils known to scientists remain scarce, and knowledge about the number of offspring they carried is especially limited. Previous discoveries of pregnant specimens, such as Chaohusaurus and Mixosaurus, contained no more than three embryos, suggesting limited early reproductive capacity among early ichthyosaurs.
According to Gu Shengxiao, the paper’s first author and a researcher at the Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, the study examined an almost complete adult Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil from Guizhou’s Middle Triassic strata, dating back about 244 million years. The specimen measures 112 centimeters long, including a skull length of 22 centimeters, with only the tail tip missing. 
The researchers identified 11 fetal ichthyosaur skeletons with skulls inside the adult specimen’s abdomen, confirming they were embryos rather than cannibalized prey based on their position and morphology. There are also fossil pieces outside the belly of the adult, which could belong to the 11 or represent other embryos. 
All embryos in the Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil were at a similar late developmental stage, suggesting the mother died shortly before giving birth, according to the researchers.
The Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil containing at least 11 embryos sets a record for Triassic ichthyosaurs and all known ichthyosaur species. The researchers believe this indicates that Mixosaurus may have adopted a reproductive strategy of producing large numbers of offspring in a single birth. This exceptionally high reproductive capacity may have provided them with a survival advantage. 
Among Triassic ichthyosaurs and all known ichthyosaur groups, Mixosaurus is the genus with the largest number of fossil specimens and is also one of the most widely distributed ichthyosaurs. 
The researchers said the multi-embryo Mixosaurus panxianensis fossil may represent an extreme case, but it confirms the species’ ability to produce large numbers of offspring, potentially contributing to its dominance among contemporaneous marine reptiles. 
The study offers the first fossil evidence of high fertility in Triassic ichthyosaurs. Future research will examine other embryo-bearing Triassic ichthyosaurs to determine whether a multiple-offspring reproductive strategy was common in early ichthyosaur evolution and what factors drove this trait, Wang said. 
Global Times
。尹锡悦是韩国宪政史上第一个被逮捕的现职总统。公调处的车辆在凌晨4点20分左右抵达位于首尔龙山区汉南洞的总统官邸。5点10分公调处向总统警卫处出示了逮捕令，要求配合执行。但随即遭到自称“护卫武士”的尹锡悦法律团队，还有数十名国民力量党议员阻拦并与调查人员发生对峙。今天清晨，守在总统官邸周边的尹锡悦支持者超过6000人，警方动用了54个机动部队，共计约3200名警力，以负责维持现场秩序。从画面上看到，为了这次的逮捕行动公调处与警方出动了近百人。当公调处人员试图进入尹锡悦官邸时与尹锡悦律师团成员、执政党国民力量党议员及现场尹锡悦支持者发生了肢体冲突，场面一度陷入混乱，有一名不明身份的人受伤。早上7点左右，警方开始切割铁丝网。

二 | 7点30分左右，警方与公调处调查人员使用梯子越过了阻拦车辆，进入总统官邸院内打开了官邸大门。视频加载中...7点33分警方与公调处调查人员突破第一道封锁线，7点48分绕过第二道封锁线，7点57分抵达设有铁门的第三道封锁线，包括检察长在内的调查人员随即进入官邸与尹锡悦律师团及总统秘书室长郑镇硕就逮捕令执行事宜展开协商。历经2个小时的谈判后，公调处与警方在上午10点33分以涉嫌内乱罪执行了对停职总统尹锡悦的逮捕令。这次公调处与警方的逮捕行动历时约7小时。尹锡悦最终搭乘总统警卫处的车辆，被移送至公调处并从后门进入了办公大楼。尹锡悦曾表示：为防止发生流血事件，希望自行前往公调处接受调查。但检察官表示：不考虑让尹锡悦自愿接受调查的方式，因为没有已经发出逮捕令后还称自愿接受调查的先例。

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